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In human-computer interaction, an organic user interface (OUI) is defined as a user interface with a non-flat display.〔 After Engelbart and Sutherland's Graphical User Interface (GUI), which is based on the cathode ray tube (CRT), and Kay and Weiser's Ubiquitous Computing, which is based on the flat panel liquid-crystal display (LCD), OUI represents the third wave of display interaction paradigms, pertaining to multi-shaped and flexible displays. In an OUI, the display surface is always the locus of interaction, and may actively or passively change shape upon analog (i.e., as close to non-quantized as possible) inputs.〔Roel Vertegaal and Ivan Poupyrev, (Organic User Interfaces: Introduction ), Communications of the ACM 51(6), 26–30, June 2008.〕 These inputs are provided through direct physical gestures, rather than through indirect point-and-click control. Note that the term "Organic" in OUI was derived from organic architecture, referring to the adoption of natural form to design a better fit with human ecology. The term also alludes to the use of organic electronics for this purpose. Organic user interfaces were first introduced in a special issue of the ''Communications of the ACM'' in 2008.〔 The first International Workshop on Organic User Interfaces took place at CHI 2009 in Boston, Massachusetts. The second workshop took place at TEI 2011 in Madeira, Portugal. The third workshop was held at MobileHCI 2012 in Monterey, California, and the fourth workshop at CHI 2013 in Paris, France. ==Types of organic user interface== According to Vertegaal and Poupyrev,〔 there are 3 general types of Organic User Interface: Flexible (or deformable) user interfaces: When flexible displays are deployed, shape deformation, e.g., through bends, is a key form of input for OUI. Flexible display technologies include Flexible OLED (FOLED) and Flexible E Ink, or can be simulated through 3D active projection mapping. Shaped user interfaces: Displays with a static non-flat display. The physical shape is chosen so as to better support the main function of the interface. Shapes may include spheres, cylinders or take the form of everyday objects.〔 Actuated (or kinetic) user interfaces: Displays with a programmable shape controlled by a computer algorithm. Here, display shapes can actively adapt to the physical context of the user, the form of the data, or the function of the interface. An extreme example is that of Claytronics: fully physical 3D voxels that dynamically constitute physical 3D images. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「organic user interface」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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